Flight crew at higher risk of radiation-related cancers, study reveals
Flight attendants and pilots are at a significant risk of dying from radiation-related cancers, surpassing those who work directly with radioactive materials, according to a new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine, reports BritPanorama.
The study highlights the dangers of cosmic radiation, which is more intense at high altitudes. While only a small amount reaches the Earth’s surface, the exposure for those flying frequently increases the risk of various cancers. Previous limited studies have suggested a connection, but this latest research provides substantial new evidence.
Using national data from over 12 million death certificates, the authors examined death rates from cancers associated with radiation exposure, including leukemia, lymphoma, and cancers affecting multiple organs. Among 500 occupations analyzed, flight attendants exhibited the highest percentage of deaths from these cancers, while pilots ranked second.
Researchers determined that flight attendants had roughly 50% higher odds of dying from radiation-related cancers compared to the general working population, while pilots faced a 36% increased risk. Notably, neither group showed elevated death rates from cancers unrelated to radiation, suggesting that occupational exposure is a crucial factor, as underscored by radiation experts Catherine Olsen and Ken Karipidis in their commentary on the study.
In terms of absolute risk, the report found approximately 6.9% of deaths among flight attendants were due to these cancers—equivalent to about 1 in 14 deaths. For pilots, the figure stood at 6.7%, compared to 5% in the general population.
While the study offers valuable insights, the authors acknowledged limitations, including a lack of data on individual exposure levels and the potential for misclassified occupations on death certificates. Additionally, they noted that factors such as jet lag and irregular work schedules could exacerbate cancer risks.
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) recognizes that aircrews face ionizing radiation, yet it currently does not impose federal dose limits or mandate monitoring. “You can’t manage an exposure you’ve decided not to measure,” said Dr. Vishal Patel of Harvard Medical School, the study’s first author.
In response to the findings, Sara Nelson, president of the Association of Flight Attendants-CWA, emphasized the urgency of addressing radiation exposure risks. “The risk is known, but crew are not educated or informed. And, no one is taking responsibility,” she asserted.
Experts recommend annual skin examinations for those working on high-altitude flights and suggest that women in these roles consider earlier and more frequent mammograms. Healthcare providers are also advised to maintain a heightened awareness of cancer risks in pilots and flight attendants.
The ongoing dialogue surrounding occupational health risks for flight crews underscores the pressing need for comprehensive safety measures and informed medical care in the aviation industry.
