Flu activity rises as holidays approach
As millions of Americans travel for the holidays, influenza is also making a significant resurgence. In the week ending December 13, nearly 10,000 patients were hospitalized with the virus, representing approximately 4% of visits to health care providers for respiratory illnesses, according to the latest data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, released Friday. So far, three children have died from flu-related causes this season, reports BritPanorama.
With cases rising, the presence of the virus may be closer than many families realize. Holiday gatherings could include individuals who are either recovering from the flu or beginning to exhibit symptoms. This situation raises critical questions regarding when to attend family functions, particularly during the festive season.
As flu cases climb, it is crucial for families to adhere to specific flu-related guidelines during holiday celebrations. These precautions are essential to minimize the risk of spreading the virus.
If I’m having symptoms, when should I take a flu test?
Several over-the-counter flu tests are commercially available in the United States, allowing individuals to test themselves at home with a nasal swab, similar to Covid-19 testing protocols.
Healthcare professionals recommend taking a flu test as soon as symptoms present themselves. “Particularly if you’re a person in a high-risk group,” explained Dr. William Schaffner, an infectious disease expert at Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
Those categorized as high-risk include individuals aged 65 and older, those with chronic underlying health conditions, the immune compromised, pregnant women, and very young children. Dr. Schaffner emphasized that rapid testing upon onset of symptoms is vital because antivirals can then be administered to help prevent hospitalization.
Common flu symptoms typically emerge suddenly, with fever, chills, headache, body aches, and fatigue being the most prevalent, according to Dr. Pamela Lindor, a pediatrician at Bluebird Kids Health in Jacksonville, Florida. If a home test yields negative results but symptoms remain severe, Dr. Lindor advises seeking a more accurate test from a healthcare provider or urgent care facility.
Determining the specific respiratory illness is crucial for appropriate treatment. “Flu is not the only illness we’re concerned about. You could have Covid, and there are effective medications available for that as well,” Dr. Schaffner noted.
At what point should I take antiviral medications for flu?
Flu antiviral medications, such as Tamiflu or Xofluza, require a prescription and are most effective when initiated soon after symptoms arise—ideally within two days.
According to Dr. Schaffner, “For the flu, if you are ill, the sooner you begin antiviral treatment, the more effective it is.” While treatment is recommended within the first 48 hours, high-risk patients may still benefit from antivirals beyond that window.
If I test positive, for how long should I avoid contact with others?
Individuals exhibiting flu symptoms should remain at home and avoid interactions to curtail the spread of the virus. Dr. Schaffner explained, “You can transmit the influenza virus the day before symptoms start. However, wearing a mask and minimizing contact with family members is advisable until symptoms begin to subside and no fever exists for 24 hours without medication.
The CDC recommends that individuals can return to regular activities once they have been fever-free for at least 24 hours without fever-reducing medications, and if their overall symptoms are improving. According to Dr. Lindor, this process typically lasts around four to five days, as the virus is most contagious beginning one day prior to symptom onset and continuing for about a week.
If I’m wearing a mask, can I still be around people for gatherings?
People with flu symptoms may consider attending family gatherings while wearing a mask, but experts advise against it. “If you’ve developed symptoms, you need to stay home,” asserted Dr. Schaffner. He cautioned that while masks do reduce transmission risks, they do not eliminate them entirely, especially during close-contact situations common in family celebrations.
What should household members do if someone else in the home tests positive?
Individuals diagnosed with the flu should take precautions to isolate themselves, while household members must also employ strategies to limit their risk of infection. Dr. Lindor highlighted the importance of good hand hygiene and disinfecting common surfaces to prevent the spread.
Can I take antivirals to prevent getting sick?
Some physicians may prescribe antivirals to individuals exposed to the flu who are asymptomatic, particularly if they belong to a high-risk group. Dr. Lindor noted that Tamiflu can be prescribed for seven to ten days to help prevent infection in such cases.
When do I know whether to go to the hospital?
Maintaining communication with a healthcare provider is crucial once flu symptoms worsen, particularly for those in high-risk categories. Symptoms warranting medical attention include difficulty breathing, high fever, or severe fatigue. Dr. Lindor also pointed out additional warning signs, such as dehydration, chest pain, confusion, or persistent high fever lasting over three days.
Is it too late to get a flu shot?
It is not too late to receive this year’s seasonal flu vaccine. Dr. Schaffner urged, “If you haven’t been vaccinated, please get the vaccine without delay. This is a vital preventive measure.”
Lindor emphasized that the best way to prevent flu from disrupting holiday plans is for all family members to be vaccinated early in the season. The ongoing flu season reminds us of the importance of preparation and vigilance as holiday gatherings unfold.
